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ADVANTAGES
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DISADVANTAGES
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HYPOCHLORITES
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Effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms
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Corrosive to stainless steel and other metals, if misused
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Effective against spores and bacterial phages
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May oxidize lipids
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Easy to use
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May discolor products
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Least expensive
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Effectiveness diminished by organic matter
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Not affected by water hardness
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May irritate skin
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Concentration easily measured by convenient field test
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May affect the flavor and odor of food
Hazardous at high temperatures or under acid conditions
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IODOPHORES
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Non-corrosive
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May affect the flavor and odor of food
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Easy to use
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Forms purple colored stains with starch
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Non irritating
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Moderately expensive
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Effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, both
spore and non-spore forming
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Should not be used at temperatures above 122°F
(50°C)
Narrow effective pH range (2.5 to 3.5)
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Not affected by water hardness
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Less effective than chlorine in killing bacterial spores
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QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS (QUATS)
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Non-corrosive
Non-irritating
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Not effective against coliforms and gram negative bacteria
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Leaves no flavor or odor
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Forms films on surface
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Effective over a wide pH range (6 to 10)
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May enhance the growth of Pseudomonas spp.
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Effective against most microorganisms, especially gram positive
slime formers and molds
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Expensive
Moderately toxic
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Effective at high temperatures
Stable in the presence of organic matter
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HOT WATER AND STEAM
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Non-corrosive
Leaves no residue
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Antimicrobial effect depends on temperature and exposure
time
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Not effective against some spores
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Mineral deposits on equipment, if water is hard
Higher energy costs
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